Since the end of the Cold War, with the development of the trends of
world multi-polarization and economic globalization, some countries have
made efforts in carrying out the new concept of security in their
mutual relationship and international relationship.
For example, China and Russia have regarded each other as friends and help each other in many issues. They have committed that “they will not use or threaten use of force in their mutual relations”, “if one party consider that there are threats to peace, threats to its security interests or threats of invasion, both sides will contact and consult with each other immediately in order to remove the threats.” Furthermore, the fields of common interests between China and Russia have been greatly broadened, including anti-terror, economic cooperation, arms transfer, maintaining of stability in Central Asia. If the two countries can resolve the some existing problems between them and do their best to develop their strategic partnership of coordination, which on equal footing and mutual trust, they will be able to realize their thought of peace “ friendship of all generations and never being enemy to each other”. China-Russian relationship on the basis of this thought is not a relationship, which is not mainly based on the concept of balance of power to balance of the United State. Although the considering of balance of power is not totally be ruled out, the relationship is in general guided by the new security concept.
In the international multilateral relations, we also can find some new changes, which is beneficial for the new concept of security. For example, the foundation of theory of China-US-Soviet strategic triangle during the Cold War period was the theory of balance of power. The history of China-US-Soviet strategic triangle was in fact one in which China, the US and the Soviet Union interacted, so as to maintain international strategic balance. Because the former Soviet Union had been rising, and had been pursuing the policy of expansion and the offensive posture, China and the US cooperated to balance the former Soviet Union.
During the periods, the thinking of balance of power in US foreign policy was most evident. Mr. Richard Nixon realized even during his campaign for President: “because the relations between China and the Soviet Union is very intense, the US can regard Beijing as its important weapon in diplomatic struggle and make use of the intense relationship to press the Kremlin to make concession.” In 1969 Kissinger predicted, “there will be a new world, in which there are five power centers—the United States, West Europe, Russia, China and Japan. In the enlarged world, to have close relations with China will make benefit. It can make Russia take the position of relative flexibility, so as to relax the stalemate between Moscow and Washington, which had dominated the post-the Second World War period.” As to the question of the establishment of China-US diplomacy, Dr. Zbigniew Brzezinski pointed out, “China has been playing central role in maintaining the global balance of power. In our world of pluralism, a strong and independent China is of the powers maintaining peace.” Under the guide of the thought, China and the US realized the normalization of their relations. In China-US-Soviet strategic triangle, US policy towards China was mainly influenced by US-Soviet relations. When China and the US relations made important breakthrough or made big progress was usually the time that the US wanted to press Russia to make important concession or to rely on for support from China to check the expansion of the Soviet Union. When US-Soviet relationship was in relaxation, China-US relations was usually at a standstill and even unstable to some extent.
Since the end of the Cold War, According to the changed situation, China and Russia have initiated a new relationship between countries with partnership instead of alliance as the core, which has gradually developed into the new concept of security with the contents of mutual trust, disarmament and cooperative security. The new concept of security is embodied in the “Shanghai Spirit”, characterized with mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and consultation, respecting the diversity of civilization and seeking for common development. The “Shanghai Spirit” has become the guiding principle of Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), a regional multiple organization. Furthermore, China holds that security should be mutual and security based on other countries’ insecurity will not permanent and stable.
However, since it become the only superpower in the world, the United States has been pursuing the strategy of hegemonism plus balance of power or the strategy of “world empire”, which purpose is realize and maintain the international peace under US hegemony for a long time. Some American scholars hold, “under the situation of
Only one hegemony, it is much more possible that the international environment is in peace.”
For example, China and Russia have regarded each other as friends and help each other in many issues. They have committed that “they will not use or threaten use of force in their mutual relations”, “if one party consider that there are threats to peace, threats to its security interests or threats of invasion, both sides will contact and consult with each other immediately in order to remove the threats.” Furthermore, the fields of common interests between China and Russia have been greatly broadened, including anti-terror, economic cooperation, arms transfer, maintaining of stability in Central Asia. If the two countries can resolve the some existing problems between them and do their best to develop their strategic partnership of coordination, which on equal footing and mutual trust, they will be able to realize their thought of peace “ friendship of all generations and never being enemy to each other”. China-Russian relationship on the basis of this thought is not a relationship, which is not mainly based on the concept of balance of power to balance of the United State. Although the considering of balance of power is not totally be ruled out, the relationship is in general guided by the new security concept.
In the international multilateral relations, we also can find some new changes, which is beneficial for the new concept of security. For example, the foundation of theory of China-US-Soviet strategic triangle during the Cold War period was the theory of balance of power. The history of China-US-Soviet strategic triangle was in fact one in which China, the US and the Soviet Union interacted, so as to maintain international strategic balance. Because the former Soviet Union had been rising, and had been pursuing the policy of expansion and the offensive posture, China and the US cooperated to balance the former Soviet Union.
During the periods, the thinking of balance of power in US foreign policy was most evident. Mr. Richard Nixon realized even during his campaign for President: “because the relations between China and the Soviet Union is very intense, the US can regard Beijing as its important weapon in diplomatic struggle and make use of the intense relationship to press the Kremlin to make concession.” In 1969 Kissinger predicted, “there will be a new world, in which there are five power centers—the United States, West Europe, Russia, China and Japan. In the enlarged world, to have close relations with China will make benefit. It can make Russia take the position of relative flexibility, so as to relax the stalemate between Moscow and Washington, which had dominated the post-the Second World War period.” As to the question of the establishment of China-US diplomacy, Dr. Zbigniew Brzezinski pointed out, “China has been playing central role in maintaining the global balance of power. In our world of pluralism, a strong and independent China is of the powers maintaining peace.” Under the guide of the thought, China and the US realized the normalization of their relations. In China-US-Soviet strategic triangle, US policy towards China was mainly influenced by US-Soviet relations. When China and the US relations made important breakthrough or made big progress was usually the time that the US wanted to press Russia to make important concession or to rely on for support from China to check the expansion of the Soviet Union. When US-Soviet relationship was in relaxation, China-US relations was usually at a standstill and even unstable to some extent.
Since the end of the Cold War, According to the changed situation, China and Russia have initiated a new relationship between countries with partnership instead of alliance as the core, which has gradually developed into the new concept of security with the contents of mutual trust, disarmament and cooperative security. The new concept of security is embodied in the “Shanghai Spirit”, characterized with mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and consultation, respecting the diversity of civilization and seeking for common development. The “Shanghai Spirit” has become the guiding principle of Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), a regional multiple organization. Furthermore, China holds that security should be mutual and security based on other countries’ insecurity will not permanent and stable.
However, since it become the only superpower in the world, the United States has been pursuing the strategy of hegemonism plus balance of power or the strategy of “world empire”, which purpose is realize and maintain the international peace under US hegemony for a long time. Some American scholars hold, “under the situation of
Only one hegemony, it is much more possible that the international environment is in peace.”
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